ment Chapter 3: Twenty-First-Century Thinking About Leadership and Management Chapter 4: Ethical Issues Chapter 5: Legal and Legislative Issues Chapter 6: Patient, Subordinate, Workplace, and Professional Advocacy Chapter 7: Organization Planning Chapter 8: Planned Change Chapter 9: Time Management Chapter 10: Fiscal Planning and Health-Care Reimbursement Chapter 11: Career Planning and Development in Nursing Chapter 12: Organization Structure Chapter 13: Organization, Political, and Personal Power Chapter 14: Organizing Patient Care Chapter 15: Employee Recruitment, Selection, Placement, and Indoctrination Chapter 16: Educating and Socializing Staff in a Learning Organization Chapter 17: Staffing Needs and Scheduling Policies Chapter 18: Creating a Motivating Climate Chapter 19: Organization, Interpersonal, and Group Communication in Team Building Chapter 20: Delegation Chapter 21: Conflict, Workplace Violence, and Negotiations Chapter 22: Collective Bargaining, Unionization, and Employment Laws Chapter 23: Quality Control in Creating a Culture of Patient Safety Chapter 24: Performance Appraisal Chapter 25: Problem Employees: Rule Breakers, Marginal Employees, and the Chemically or Psychologically Impaire Chapter 1 Decision Making, Problem Solving, Critical Thinking, and Clinical Reasoning: Requisites for successful leadership and management 1. What statement is true regarding decision making? A) It is an analysis of a situation B) It is closely related to evaluation C) It involves choosing between courses of action D) It is dependent upon finding the cause of a problem Ans: C Feedback: Decision making is a complex cognitive process often defined as choosing a particular course of action. Problem solving is part of decision making and is a systematic process that focuses on analyzing a difficult situation. Critical thinking, sometimes referred to as reflective thinking, is related to evaluation and has a broader scope than decision making and problem solving. 2. What 1. A) Its need for implementation time 2. B) Its lack of a step requiring evaluation of results 3. C) Its failure to gather sufficient data 4. D) Its failure to evaluate alternatives Ans: A Feedback: The traditional problem-solving model is less effective when time constraints are a consideration. Decision making can occur without the full analysis required in problem solving. Because problem solving attempts to identify the root problem in situations, much time and energy are spent on identifying the real problem. 3. Which of the following statements is true regarding decision making? 1. A) Scientific methods provide identical decisions by different individuals for the same problems 2. B) Decisions are greatly influenced by each persons value system 3. C) Personal beliefs can be adjusted for when the scientific approach to problem solving is used 4. D) Past experience has little to do with the quality of the decision Ans: B Feedback: Values, life experience, individual preference, and individual ways of thinking will influence a persons decision making. No matter how objective the criteria will be, value judgments will always play a part in a persons decision making, either consciously or subconsciously. is a weakness of the traditional problem-solving model? Page 1 4. What influences the quality of a decision most often? A) The decision makers immediate superior B) The type of decision that needs to be made C) Questions asked and alternatives generated D) The time of day the decision is made Ans: C Feedback: The greater the number of alternatives that can be generated by the decision maker, the better the final decision will be. The alternatives generated and the final choices are limited by each persons value system. 5. What 1. A) Good decision makers are usually right-brain, intuitive thinkers 2. B) Effective decision makers are sensitive to the situation and to others 3. C) Good decisions are usually made by left-brain, logical thinkers 4. D) Good decision making requires analytical rather than creative processes Ans: B Feedback: Good decision makers seem to have antennae that make them particularly sensitive to other people and situations. Left-brain thinkers are typically better at processing language, logic, numbers, and sequential ordering, whereas right-brain thinkers excel at nonverbal ideation and holistic synthesizing. does knowledge about good decision making lead one to believe? 6. What 1. A) The planning process of management 2. B) The evaluation phase of the executive role 3. C) One step in the problem-solving process 4. D) Required to justify the need for scarce items Ans: C Feedback: Decision making is a complex, cognitive process often defined as choosing a particular course of action. Decision making, one step in the problem-solving process, is an important task that relies heavily on critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills. is the best definition of decision making? Page 2 7. If decision making is triggered by a problem with what does it end? 1. A) An alternati...