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AQA A LEVEL HISTORY PAPER 1 QUESTION PAPER 2023 (7042/1A: The Age of the Crusades, c1071–1204). DOWNLOAD OFFICIAL AND VERIFIED AQA A LEVEL HISTORY PAPER 1 QUESTION PAPER 2023 ON www.leakedexams.com.
Extract A
Outremer was never likely to last. For it to survive, in the midst of enemy territory, it was
necessary to have a steady renewal of manpower from the West. Rulers of Jerusalem
had to appease the Byzantines and had to plot with infidel princes to ensure Muslim
disunity. Whilst a few adventurers from the West arrived hoping to carve out estates for
themselves, most of the reinforcements making the journey believed that it was their holy
duty to fight the infidel. When they found their cousins in Outremer intriguing and trading
with Muslims and allying with schismatic Greeks they were shocked. Either they returned
home in disgust, or they insisted upon a more aggressive policy, thus damaging the
settlers’ chances of survival. It was not easy to persuade recruits to continue to journey
eastward when they disliked what they saw on arrival. The Second Crusade was a
miserable failure and meant that no great expedition would set out again until Saladin
had reunited the Muslim world and recaptured Jerusalem itself.
Adapted from S Runciman, The Decline of the Crusading Ideal, 1971
| Author | OCR KING |
| Published | 30 Jul 2024 |
| Included files | |
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